I. Makeke kūʻai kūloko a me ka honua
1、Pake kūʻai hale
ʻO ka ulu ʻana o ka makemake o ka mākeke no nā pad brake e pili kokoke ana i ka hoʻomohala ʻana o ka ʻoihana kaʻa (ʻo ka hana kaʻa a me ke kuleana e hoʻoholo i ka hoʻopuka ʻana o nā pad brake, a aia kahi pilina maikaʻi maikaʻi ma waena o ia a me ka hana ʻana a me ke kūʻai aku ʻana), a me ka wikiwiki. ʻO ka hoʻomohala ʻana o ka ʻoihana kaʻa o Kina e alakaʻi pololei i ka hoʻomohala like ʻana o nā mea hana pad brake.ʻO ka mea mua, aia ʻo Kina i kēia manawa ma mua o 300 mau mea hana kaʻa a ʻoi aku ma mua o 600 mau mea kanu hoʻololi kaʻa, me ka hoʻopuka makahiki ma kahi o 18 miliona mau kaʻa, a me kahi koi nui no nā pad brake, me kahi koi makahiki makahiki ma kahi o 300 miliona sets of brake. pads.ʻO 2010 ka hana hale, ka waiwai hoʻopuka a me nā loaʻa kūʻai aku o ka friction a me ka hoʻopaʻa ʻana i nā mea i loaʻa i ka ulu ʻelua-helu, me ka huina hoʻopuka (koe nā mea semi-finished) o 875,600 tons, piʻi 20.73% makahiki-ma-makahiki.He 875,600 tons ka nui o ka hoopuka (koe na mea i hoopau ole ia, me ka 20.73% o ka makahiki;ʻO ka nui o ka waiwai hoʻopuka he 16.6 biliona yuan, ʻoi aku ka 28.35% i kēlā me kēia makahiki;ʻO ka loaʻa kālā he 16 biliona yuan, ʻoi aku ka 30.25% i kēlā me kēia makahiki.
ʻO ka hoʻomohala wikiwiki ʻana o ka ʻoihana kaʻa kaʻa o Kina e alakaʻi pololei i ka hoʻomohala like ʻana o nā mea hana brake pad, a e hoʻopilikia i ka noi o ka mākeke i ka wā e hiki mai ana i nā pad brake automotive mai ka hiʻohiʻona o ka waihona pad brake a me ka hoʻonui.I loko o ka mākeke kūʻai, ʻoiai he mau mea hoʻohana ʻia nā pad brake, wikiwiki ke alapine o ka hana hou ʻana, a ʻo ka mea nona ka kaʻa nui e hoʻoulu i ka noi no nā pad brake ma ka home aftermarket;i ka manawa like, i ka mākeke hoʻonui, ʻo ka hana a me ke ʻano kūʻai aku e koi nui ʻia ai nā pad brake i ka mākeke kākoʻo.No laila, ʻo ka pilikia kālā o ke ao holoʻokoʻa i alakaʻi i ka hāʻule mau ʻana o ka hoʻokele waiwai o ka honua ma ka ʻoihana pad brake ua nalo mālie, ua puka mai nā hōʻailona o ka rebound ʻoihana, ke hoʻomaka nei ka ʻoihana pad brake i kahi manawa kūpono no ka hoʻomohala ʻana.
Wahi a nā helu helu, ʻoi aku ka nui o nā ʻoihana hana friction material o Kina ma mua o 470, e komo pū ana ma mua o 40 mau hui hui Sino-haole a me nā ʻoihana paʻa ʻole.Hōʻike nā ʻikepili i ka makahiki 2010, ʻo ka ʻoihana friction material China o 426,000 tons o nā huahana friction material, ka huina o ka waiwai o 8.53 billion yuan, nā mea hoʻoiho o 3.18 biliona yuan, kahi o 80% o ka huina.Ua hoʻomaikaʻi maikaʻi ʻia ka pae ʻenehana hana friction a Kina, ua hōʻea kekahi mau ʻoihana alakaʻi i ka pae kiʻekiʻe o ka honua.
2, ka nui o ka mākeke honua
Wahi a ka World Automobile Manufacturers Association (OICA) statistics, kokoke i ka 900 miliona kaʻa kaʻa o ka honua, a ke hoʻonui nei i ka 30 miliona i kēlā me kēia makahiki, ua manaʻo ʻia e hiki i ka makahiki 2020, hiki i ka ʻona kaʻa honua i 1.2 biliona ʻāpana. .
Wahi a ka International Energy Agency (IEA), i ka makahiki 2020, ʻoi aku ka nui o ke koi o ka mākeke pad automotive ma mua o $ 15 biliona.Me ka hoʻomohala wikiwiki ʻana o ka ʻoihana kaʻa a me ka ʻoihana hana ʻāpana kaʻa, e lilo ʻo Kina i kikowaena hoʻoponopono honua a me kahi kūʻai kūʻai honua, a ʻo nā mea hana pahu kaʻa kaʻa o Kina e lanakila hou aku i ka mākeke ma ka mākeke honua.
2010 world brake pad market main country operation analysis
(1), ʻAmelika Hui Pū ʻIa
I Kekemapa 2010, ka US market kuai kaʻa malama i ka ulu kiʻekiʻe helu mai December 2009, a hiki i 7.73 miliona wae, me ka lohi o ka ho'ōla hou 'ana o ka US kaʻa makeke, e paipai ana i ka US kaʻa'āpana kākoʻo i ka market unahiʻo, e like me kaʻikepili kūpono e hōʻike i Ianuali. a hiki i Kekemapa 2010, ka US auto brake kuai loaa o $6.5 billion, he mahuahua o 21%.
(2), Iapana
ʻO Iapana kekahi o nā ʻāpana kaʻa he ʻumi ma ka honua e kākoʻo ana i ka mākeke, no ka mea, ua holomua ʻo Iapana i ka ʻenehana hana ʻenehana a me ka koi ikaika o ka mākeke ma ka home a ma waho, ʻo Ianuali-Dekemapa 2010 ka loaʻa kālā kūʻai ʻana o nā pad brake automotive i $ 4.1 biliona makahiki-ma-makahiki ulu o 13%, kāna mau huahana nui no ka hoʻokuʻu ʻia ʻana o nā pad brake automotive e kākoʻo ana i ka hoʻohana.
(3), Kelemānia
Wahi a ka nānā ʻana o nā ʻikepili mana kūpono, ua piʻi ka hana kaʻa o Kelemania i ka 18% makahiki-ma-makahiki i 413,500 mau ʻāpana i Dekemaba 2010. ʻO ka mākeke kaʻa kaʻa kūloko e lilo i oʻo, ua hoʻomohala ʻia ka ʻenehana kaʻa kaʻa kaʻa Kelemania, ka hana home. a kūʻai aku i ke kūlana e hoʻokō i ʻelua booming, 2010 automotive brake pad January a December e hoʻokō i nā loaʻa kūʻai kūʻai o 3.2 biliona US kālā, he piʻi o 8%.
Māhele huahana
Hoʻohana nui ʻia nā pad brake ma ka hale kūʻai ma hope o ka home: 95% o nā pad brake ma Kina i hoʻohana ʻia i ka aftermarket, me ka nui o 95 miliona mau sets.
He haʻahaʻa ka haʻahaʻa o nā pad brake home e kākoʻo ana i ke kaʻa holoʻokoʻa.I kēia manawa, hoʻohana wale ʻia ka 5% o ka nui o ke kūʻai ʻana i nā makahiki kūʻokoʻa i ka ʻoihana pad brake no nā OEM home.
ʻO ka helu o nā pale pale e kākoʻo ana i ke kaʻa holoʻokoʻa ma kahi o 5 miliona mau set.
I kēia manawa, he semi-metallic, metala haʻahaʻa, seramika, nā mea kūlohelohe ʻehā mau ʻāpana, ʻo ke kuhikuhi ʻana i ka hoʻomohala ʻana i ka hoʻomohala semi-metallic formulations, hoʻomaikaʻi i nā ʻano metala liʻiliʻi, ka hoʻomohala ʻana o nā formulations NAO.Eia nō naʻe, i kēia manawa, ʻo ka asbestos (ua pāpā loa ʻia ka hoʻohana ʻana e ka mokuʻāina i ka makahiki 1999) paʻa pads ma Kina ke noho nei i kahi hapa nui ma kekahi mau kula, ʻoi aku hoʻi i ka mākeke pad kaʻa kaumaha.Ma muli o ka loaʻa ʻana o nā mea carcinogenic i loko o nā fiber asbestos, ua kau inoa kekahi mau ʻāina o ka honua i kahi kuʻikahi uniona e hōʻole i ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka asbestos.
Wahi a nā ʻike pili, ma nā mākeke ʻē aʻe, ʻaʻohe asbestos, liʻiliʻi metala, nā mea pili i ke kaiapuni (ʻike ʻia ʻo NAO-type friction material) ʻoi aku ma mua o ʻumi makahiki i hala ua hoʻomaka i ka hoʻolaha mākeke;ʻO kekahi mau ʻāina ma ʻEulopa a me ʻAmelika i hoʻopaʻa ʻia i nā mea friction i nā ʻāpana metala kaumaha ʻino a me nā kānāwai maʻi keleawe.I ka wā e hiki mai ana, e lilo ka ʻike o ka asbestos a me nā mea metala kaumaha i loko o nā mea friction i mea hoʻokuʻu aku i ʻEulopa a me ʻAmelika Hui Pū ʻIa.No laila, ʻaʻohe walaʻau, ʻaʻohe lehu a me ka hub non-corrosive, lōʻihi ke ola lawelawe, ʻoluʻolu braking a me ka mālama ʻana i ke kaiapuni, hoʻopau loa i nā huahana asbestos brake pad, ʻo ia ke ala kūpono e hahai i ke ʻano hoʻomohala honua.
Ke kū nei ka ʻoihana kaʻa kaʻa kaʻa ʻo Kina i ʻelua mau hoʻololi nui o ka mālama ʻana i ka kaiapuni a me ka hana kiʻekiʻe, ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o ke kaiapuni kiʻekiʻe kiʻekiʻe i ka hoʻihoʻi ʻana o ka mahana, ka haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa, friction coefficient stability a me nā koi ʻē aʻe, pono e loaʻa kahi haʻalulu liʻiliʻi. , ka leo haʻahaʻa, lehu a me nā ʻano hana hoʻonaninani ʻē aʻe, ʻo ia ka friction material formulation technology, raw material processing technology, mixed material preparation technology, hot pressing technology, heat treatment technology and follow-up Treatment technology and other higher requirements.
Wahi a ka China Friction and Seal Materials Association, ua aneane 500 a ʻoi aku ka nui o nā ʻoihana ʻoihana kaʻa kaʻa o Kina, akā ʻoi aku ka liʻiliʻi ma mua o 80% o ka ʻoihana.Me ka hoʻomaikaʻi ʻana o ka pae holoʻokoʻa o ka ʻoihana kaʻa o Kina, ke hoʻololi mālie nei ka ʻoihana kaʻa mai ka nānā ʻana i ke kumukūʻai o nā pad brake i ka nānā ʻana i ka maikaʻi a me ka ʻike loea o nā pad brake, e hoʻomau ka hoʻonui ʻana o ka mākeke, a ma hope. ka hoʻokumu ʻana i ka ikaika ʻenehana o ka hoʻokūkū ma waena o nā ʻoihana.
I ka hoʻomaka ʻana o ka ʻoihana kaʻa kaʻa o Kina, ʻo ka hana kūloko o nā kumu hoʻohālike kiʻekiʻe no ʻEulopa, ʻo ʻAmelika Hui Pū ʻIa, Iapana, South Korea a me nā ʻāina ʻē aʻe, a ʻo nā pahu kaʻa kaʻa he mea palekana koʻikoʻi, ʻo nā ʻoihana kaʻa inoa inoa ka mana koʻikoʻi. maluna o lakou.Wahi a China Friction and Seal Materials Association, 85% o nā pahu kaʻa kaʻa i kēia manawa e hilinaʻi ʻia i ka lawe ʻana mai, hiki i ka ʻoihana kaʻa kaʻa kaʻa kaʻa ke hoʻokūkū ma ka mākeke ʻo ia ka mea nui i nā pā kaʻa kaʻa kaʻa, nā kaʻa liʻiliʻi haʻahaʻa me māke kūʻai pahu pahu kaʻa micro.Eia nō naʻe, ma muli o ka hoʻomaikaʻi ʻana o ka ʻenehana hana hana kaʻa a Kina a me ka hoʻoponopono ʻana i nā kulekele ʻoihana o nā ʻāina i kūkulu ʻia a me ka hopena o nā kumu kumu kūʻai, ke neʻe nei ke kaulahao kūʻai honua i Kina.
Wahi a ka ʻikepili o ka National Bureau of Statistics, ʻo ke koi o ka mākeke no nā pad brake ma 2010 ma kahi o 2.5 biliona yuan, ʻo ia hoʻi ma kahi o 25% o ka mākeke pad brake holoʻokoʻa.
ʻO ke kolu, ke kūlana o nā ʻoihana kūloko, ʻenehana a me nā ʻano hoʻomohala huahana a me nā ʻike ʻē aʻe
I kēia manawa, kokoke i ka pae kiʻekiʻe o ka honua ka mana hana a me ka pae ʻenehana o kekahi mau ʻoihana friction automotive, a ke ulu wikiwiki nei kekahi mau ʻoihana alakaʻi.ʻOiai ua holomua nui ka mana hana a me ka pae ʻenehana o nā ʻoihana friction automotive o Kina, akā ua hoʻi hope nā kūlana ʻoihana, ʻoiai me nā koi o nā OEM home ʻaʻole i kūlike.No ka hoʻopaʻa ʻana i ka papa kuhikuhi wela o ka pā, no ka laʻana, pono nā mea kanu hoʻokipa i 300 ℃, aʻo nā kūlana aupuni e hāʻawi i ka 200 ℃.Ma muli o nā kumu like ʻole, ʻaʻole i hoʻomaka maoli ka hoʻoponopono ʻana i nā kūlana aupuni a hiki i kekahi mau makahiki i hala.
ʻO kekahi pilikia koʻikoʻi ʻo ia, no nā ʻoihana friction automotive, ʻike nui ʻia kā lākou noiʻi kūʻokoʻa a me ka hiki ke hoʻomohala i ka noiʻi ʻana i ka hana waiwai.ʻOiai ka wikiwiki o ka hoʻomohala ʻana i nā makahiki i hala iho nei, akā ma muli o ka hoʻonui ʻana o ke kapikala, ʻo nā ʻoihana friction automotive kūloko i ka hana o ka hoʻololi a me ka noiʻi kūʻokoʻa a me ka hoʻomohala hoʻomohala ʻana ma lalo o nā hoa haole.Ke waiho nei nā kūlana ʻoihana ma hope, ua kaupalena nā ʻoihana brake pad i ka hoʻopukapuka ʻana i ka noiʻi a me ka hoʻomohala ʻana, ma muli o nā kumu he nui, ʻoi aku ka lōʻihi o ka hele ʻana o ka ʻoihana brake pad a me nā ʻoihana.
Ka manawa hoʻouna: Mar-07-2022